# 第三册 Lesson 11 Not guilty 无罪

## 一、课文原文

Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned from abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.

'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, looking me in the eye.

'No,' I answered confidently.

'Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?'

'Not at all,' I answered.

The Officer went through the case with great care. All the things I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up. He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.

'Perfume, eh?' he asked sarcastically. 'You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt from import duty.'

'But it isn't perfume,' I said. 'It's hair gel.' Then I added with a smile, 'It's a strange mixture I make myself.'

As I expected, he did not believe me.

'Try it!' I said encouragingly.

The Officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage.

## 二、重点词汇详解

| 单词 | 音标 | 词性 | 释义 | 用法说明 |
|------|------|------|------|----------|
| tolerant | /ˈtɒlərənt/ | adj. | 宽容的 | be ~ of 对...宽容 |
| declare | /dɪˈkleə/ | v. | 申报，声明 | ~ sth. 申报某物 |
| smuggler | /ˈsmʌɡlə/ | n. | 走私者 | smuggle v. 走私 |
| officious | /əˈfɪʃəs/ | adj. | 爱管闲事的 | 带贬义，过于热心的 |
| confidently | /ˈkɒnfɪdəntlɪ/ | adv. | 自信地 | confident adj. 自信的 |
| dreadful | /ˈdredfəl/ | adj. | 糟透的，可怕的 | a ~ mess 乱七八糟 |
| pounce | /paʊns/ | v. | 猛扑，一把抓住 | ~ on 猛扑向 |
| sarcastically | /sɑːˈkæstɪkəlɪ/ | adv. | 讽刺地 | sarcastic adj. 讽刺的 |
| exempt | /ɪɡˈzempt/ | adj. | 被免除的 | ~ from 免除... |
| unscrew | /ʌnˈskruː/ | v. | 拧开，旋开 | un- + screw 拧 |
| nostril | /ˈnɒstrɪl/ | n. | 鼻孔 | — |
| precious | /ˈpreʃəs/ | adj. | 宝贵的，珍贵的 | 此处为幽默用法 |

## 三、语法知识点

### 1. should have done 表本应做而未做

*'You **should have declared** that.'*

"本应该做某事（但实际没做）"，含责备或遗憾语气。

| 结构 | 含义 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| should have done | 本应做（但没做） | You should have told me earlier. |
| shouldn't have done | 本不应做（但做了） | You shouldn't have spent so much. |
| needn't have done | 本不必做（但做了） | You needn't have hurried. |
| must have done | 一定做了（推测） | He must have forgotten. |

### 2. even if 让步状语从句

***even if** he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase*

"即使/纵然"，表假设性让步。

| 连词 | 含义 | 语气的确定程度 | 例句 |
|------|------|----------------|------|
| even if | 即使 | 假设可能不真实 | Even if it rains, I'll go. |
| even though | 即使 | 事实确实如此 | Even though it's raining, I'll go. |

### 3. looking me in the eye 分词短语

*'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, **looking me in the eye**.*

现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示说话时的动作。

## 四、重点句型分析

### 1. "Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty."
- **句型**：make sb. do → 被动：be made to do（to不可省略）
- **仿写**：He was made to work overtime.

### 2. "He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight."
- **句型**：pounce on 猛扑向/急切地抓住
- **仿写**：The teacher pounced on the student's mistake.

### 3. "He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth."
- **句型**：be greeted by 被...迎接（此处为幽默用法，被臭味"迎接"）
- **仿写**：We were greeted by a beautiful view.

### 4. "A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage."
- **句型**：with + n. + 介词短语，作伴随状语
- **"precious"的幽默**：粉笔标记本是海关放行的标记，作者称之为"宝贵的"，因为这意味着他"无罪"通过

## 五、课文翻译

如今的海关官员相当宽容了，但当你走绿色通道、没有东西要申报时，他们仍然可以拦住你。即便是真正诚实的人也常被弄得觉得自己像做错了事。而老练的职业走私犯则从不为此烦恼，即使他的手提箱里藏有500块金表。最近我回国时，一个特别爱管闲事的年轻海关官员显然把我当成了走私犯。

"你有什么要申报的吗？"他直盯着我的眼睛问。

"没有，"我自信地回答。

"请把这只手提箱打开好吗？"

"当然可以，"我回答。

那位官员十分仔细地检查了箱子。我精心整理的一切顿时乱成了一团。我肯定这箱子再也关不上了。突然，我看到官员脸上露出了得意的神色。他在箱底发现了一只小瓶，高兴地一把抓了起来。

"香水，是吗？"他讥讽地问道。"你应该申报的。香水是不免进口税的。"

"这不是香水，"我说。"是发胶。"接着我笑了笑补充道："这是我自己配制的一种奇怪的混合物。"

不出我所料，他不相信我。

"试试看！"我鼓励他说。

海关官员拧开瓶盖，把瓶子凑到鼻孔前。一股难闻的气味扑面而来，使他相信我说的是实话。几分钟后，我终于得以匆匆离去，行李上带着宝贵的粉笔标记。

## 六、语言点精讲

### 写作手法
1. **对话叙事**：通过对话展现人物性格——官员的好大喜功与"我"的镇定自若
2. **幽默反转**：官员得意洋洋以为查获违禁品，结果自取其辱闻到难闻的发胶
3. **讽刺用词**："officious"（爱管闲事的）、"precious chalk marks"（宝贵的粉笔标记）均带讽刺意味

### 文化背景
1. **海关绿色通道**：各国海关设有绿色通道（无申报）和红色通道（有申报），走绿色通道但仍可能被抽查。
2. **粉笔标记**：海关官员在检查过的行李上用粉笔划标记，表示已通过检查。
3. **英国海关**：英国海关对香水和酒类征收进口税，超过免税额度需申报。

## 七、课后练习要点

1. **should have done** 及其变体（shouldn't have, needn't have）
2. **even if** 与 **even though** 的区别
3. **be made to do** 被动语态中to的恢复
4. **pounce on** 等动词短语

## 八、本课小结

| 项目 | 要点 |
|------|------|
| 核心主题 | 海关检查中的尴尬经历 |
| 重点语法 | should have done、even if让步从句、be made to do |
| 核心词汇 | tolerant, officious, pounce, sarcastically, exempt |
| 写作特色 | 对话叙事、幽默反转、讽刺用词 |
| 难点 | should have done与must have done的区别 |